Dan McShea
Duke University, Center for the Philosophy of Biology, Faculty Member
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
SYNOPSIS. The maximum degree of hierarchical structure of organisms has risen over the history of life, notably in three transitions: the origin of the eukaryotic cell from symbiotic associations of prokaryotes; the emergence of the first... more
SYNOPSIS. The maximum degree of hierarchical structure of organisms has risen over the history of life, notably in three transitions: the origin of the eukaryotic cell from symbiotic associations of prokaryotes; the emergence of the first multicellular individuals from clones of eukaryotic cells; and the origin of the first individuated colonies from associations of multicellular organisms. The trend is obvious in the fossil record, but documenting it using a high-resolution hierarchy scale reveals three puzzles: 1) the rate of origin of new levels accelerates, at least until the early Phanerozoic; 2) after that, the trend may slow or even stop; and 3) levels may sometimes arise out of order. The three puzzles and their implications are discussed; a possible explanation is offered for the first.
Research Interests:
The notion that complexity increases in evolution is widely accepted, but the best-known evidence is highly impressionistic. In this paper, I propose a scheme for understanding complexity which provides a conceptual basis for objective... more
The notion that complexity increases in evolution is widely accepted, but the best-known evidence is highly impressionistic. In this paper, I propose a scheme for understanding complexity which provides a conceptual basis for objective measurement. The Scheme also shows complexity to be a composite term covering four independent types. For each type, I describe some of the measures that have been devised and review the evidence for trends in the maximum and mean. In metazoans as a whole, there is good evidence only for an early-Phanerozoic trend, and only in one type of complexity. For each of the other types, some trends have been documented but only in a small number of metasoan subgroups. Key words. complexity, trends, hierarchy, Metazoa, macroevolution
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
... R' GgGGg SgsSSs IIIIII DDDDDD DDDDDD IIII DDDD Cm' GG GGG sgsssg IiIIII dddddd DDDDDDDDDd DDDd Centrum width C GG GGG GGGGGG idiiii iddiii DDDDDD DDDD R' GG GGG SSSSSS iiiiii dddddd IIIIII iiii Cm' GG GGG SgsSSs... more
... R' GgGGg SgsSSs IIIIII DDDDDD DDDDDD IIII DDDD Cm' GG GGG sgsssg IiIIII dddddd DDDDDDDDDd DDDd Centrum width C GG GGG GGGGGG idiiii iddiii DDDDDD DDDD R' GG GGG SSSSSS iiiiii dddddd IIIIII iiii Cm' GG GGG SgsSSs diidii diddid iddidd Iiii ...